Inspired by the radical innovations of late 19th-century painters and sculptors, 20th-century modernists pushed art to new frontiers of expression and abstraction, rewriting the rules about what constituted art and how its materials could be used. Foster, Carter E. Stations of the Cross: Black, White, Light.” Ellsworth Kelly Black & White. Exh. cat. Munich: Haus der Kunst; Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2011: 34-47. The text is also published in a German edition of this catalogue. Horne-Thompson, A., & Grocke, D. (2008). The effect of music therapy on anxiety in patients who are terminally ill. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 11(4), 582-590. Butterton, M. (1993). Music in the pastoral care of emotionally disturbed children. Journal of British Music Therapy, 7(2), 12-20. Alfred Sisley (1839-1899) was born in Paris to British parents, and, despite applying to become a French citizen, he remained British until his relatively early death aged 59. An early associate of the Impressionist artists, Frederic Bazille, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Sisley became famous for his wonderful landscape paintings which he preferred to paint ‘en plein air’ as far as possible. Wallace Collection Presents Murillo at the Wallace Collection: Painting for the Spanish Golden Age Fabulous exhibition of works by Bartolome Esteban Murillo. Sound requires a medium to propagate, it cannot be propagated in vacuum. Sound is a longitudinal wave, which means the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave. Through solids, however, it can be transmitted as both longitudinal waves and transverse waves. A sound wave coming out of a musical instrument, loudspeaker, or someone’s mouth pushes the air forward and backward as the sound propagates outward. This has the effect of squeezing and pulling on the air, changing its pressure only slightly. These pressure variations can be detected by the ear drum (a light flexible membrane) in the middle ear, translated into neural impulses in the inner ear, and sent on to the brain for processing. They can also be detected by the diaphragm of a microphone (a light, flexible membrane), translated into an electrical signal by any one of several electromechanical means, and sent on to a computer for processing. The processing done in the brain is very sophisticated, but the processing done by a computer is relatively simple. The pressure variations of a sound wave are changed into voltage variations in the microphone, which are sampled periodically and rapidly by a computer and then saved as numbers. A graph of microphone voltage vs. time (called a waveform) is a convenient way to use a computer to see sound. Aldridge, D., Gustroff, D., & Neugebauer, L. (1995). A pilot study of music therapy in the treatment of children with developmental delay. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 3(4), 197-205.
So while it is tempting to find in Reinhardt’s early work the black paintings to cometo cite as harbingers the darkest gouaches, the spindly india-ink studies, the matte shadow of the collages’ supportwe in fact need to look in the other direction. The dizzying spectrum of Reinhardt’s beginning is present as the late work’s deep (bright) secret” of color quality,¹⁹ just as the 1946 cartoons’ layering of images is present in the slide lectures’ own accretions, and as the emerging structure of the early drawings is present in the elegant ultimate diagram” of the black paintings,²⁰ whose lines are now spaces of color. Reinhardt’s mature vision is fed by the early revisions of the ’30s and ’40s. Such works on paper show us how to look at his late art, and to better see at once what is and is no longer there. Grachos, Louis, and Claire Schneider. Extreme Abstraction: Revisited. Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 2012. S Sanyal, A Banerjee, T Guhathakurta, R Sengupta, D Ghosh(2013) EEG study on the neural patterns of Brain with Music Stimuli: An evidence of Hysteresis?”, Proceedings ofthe International Seminar on ‘Creating & Teaching Music Patterns’, Department of Instrumental Music, RabindraBharati University, Kolkata. Montgomery Art Gallery, Pomona College, Claremont, CA. Works on Paper 1900 – 1960 from California Collections. 18 September – 27 October 1977. Traveled to the M.H. de Young Museum, San Francisco, CA, 11 November – 31 December 1977. Catalogue with texts by Frederick S. Wight and David W. Steadman. Create a decorative border along the pathway or sidewalk to main entrance to the school. Have students bring in various sizes of rocks. On large ones paint pictures of school activities or items used in the school. Paint small ones solid colours. Along one or both sides of path to school entrance place big rocks and surround them with smaller, solid-coloured rocks to create continuous border. Reif, Rita. Contemporary Art Sale.” New York Times, 6 May 1986. The cording around the head section creates a textured pattern which helps dissipate heat. The light colour of the fabric would also contribute to doing this. The gathering and smocking, while functional, also become part of the aesthetic appeal of the garment. A wire inside the edge of the brim permits some shaping and would prevent it from flapping in the wind. Abstraction in America, Part III: Contemporary Abstraction, The Chautauqua Institution, Chautauqua, New York, June 23-August 19, 2013. Heaton, P., Hermelin, B., & Pring, L. (1998). Autism and pitch processing: A precursor for savant musical ability? Music Perception, 291-305.
